记录一个ios开发者使用flutter开发者运行安卓模拟器的痛苦经历

060

使用安卓模拟器启动flutter项目或者执行build apk --release --no-pub始终报了一个错误，百度了各大网页，对于安卓0经验开发的人来说还是一脸的迷茫，所以今天记录一下，便于帮助其他遇到同样问题的IOS开发者走出困境：

Execution failed for task ':app:processDebugMainManifest'.Unable to make field private final java.lang.String java.io.File.path accessible: module java.base does not "opens java.io" to unnamed module @ffea291

一、报错内容

android studio点击debug main.dart爬虫按钮:

报错内容如下：

Launching lib/main.dart on sdk gphone64 arm64 in debug mode...
Running Gradle task 'assembleDebug'...
FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.
* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:processDebugMainManifest'.
> Unable to make field private final java.lang.String java.io.File.path accessible: module java.base does not "opens java.io" to unnamed module @ffea291
* Try:
> Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace.
> Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
> Run with --scan to get full insights.
* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org
BUILD FAILED in 3s
Exception: Gradle task assembleDebug failed with exit code 1
Launching lib/main.dart on sdk gphone64 arm64 in debug mode...
Running Gradle task 'assembleDebug'...

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:processDebugMainManifest'.
> Unable to make field private final java.lang.String java.io.File.path accessible: module java.base does not "opens java.io" to unnamed module @ffea291


* Try:
> Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace.
> Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
> Run with --scan to get full insights.

* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org

BUILD FAILED in 3s
Exception: Gradle task assembleDebug failed with exit code 1
Launching lib/main.dart on sdk gphone64 arm64 in debug mode...
Running Gradle task 'assembleDebug'...

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:processDebugMainManifest'.
> Unable to make field private final java.lang.String java.io.File.path accessible: module java.base does not "opens java.io" to unnamed module @ffea291


* Try:
> Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace.
> Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
> Run with --scan to get full insights.

* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org

BUILD FAILED in 3s
Exception: Gradle task assembleDebug failed with exit code 1

二、flutter tools调试

通过使用flutter_tools调试

方法为：
/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/android/gradle.dart

Future<void> buildGradleApp({
  required FlutterProject project,
  required AndroidBuildInfo androidBuildInfo,
  required String target,
  required bool isBuildingBundle,
  required List<GradleHandledError> localGradleErrors,
  required bool configOnly,
  bool validateDeferredComponents = true,
  bool deferredComponentsEnabled = false,
  int retry = 0,
  @visibleForTesting int? maxRetries,
})
Future<void> buildGradleApp({
  required FlutterProject project,
  required AndroidBuildInfo androidBuildInfo,
  required String target,
  required bool isBuildingBundle,
  required List<GradleHandledError> localGradleErrors,
  required bool configOnly,
  bool validateDeferredComponents = true,
  bool deferredComponentsEnabled = false,
  int retry = 0,
  @visibleForTesting int? maxRetries,
})
Future<void> buildGradleApp({
  required FlutterProject project,
  required AndroidBuildInfo androidBuildInfo,
  required String target,
  required bool isBuildingBundle,
  required List<GradleHandledError> localGradleErrors,
  required bool configOnly,
  bool validateDeferredComponents = true,
  bool deferredComponentsEnabled = false,
  int retry = 0,
  @visibleForTesting int? maxRetries,
})

主要执行的功能为：

final String? javaHome = globals.androidSdk?.javaHome;
 exitCode = await _processUtils.stream(
   command,
   workingDirectory: project.android.hostAppGradleRoot.path,
   allowReentrantFlutter: true,
   environment: <String, String>{
     if (javaHome != null)
       AndroidSdk.javaHomeEnvironmentVariable: javaHome,
   },
   mapFunction: consumeLog,
 );
final String? javaHome = globals.androidSdk?.javaHome;

 exitCode = await _processUtils.stream(
   command,
   workingDirectory: project.android.hostAppGradleRoot.path,
   allowReentrantFlutter: true,
   environment: <String, String>{
     if (javaHome != null)
       AndroidSdk.javaHomeEnvironmentVariable: javaHome,
   },
   mapFunction: consumeLog,
 );
final String? javaHome = globals.androidSdk?.javaHome;

 exitCode = await _processUtils.stream(
   command,
   workingDirectory: project.android.hostAppGradleRoot.path,
   allowReentrantFlutter: true,
   environment: <String, String>{
     if (javaHome != null)
       AndroidSdk.javaHomeEnvironmentVariable: javaHome,
   },
   mapFunction: consumeLog,
 );

打印command 命令为

image.png

三、gradlew 命令解析

意思就是说执行flutter android工程下的 gradlew 命令
查看一下gradle是一个shell 脚本

image.png

在这个文件最后倒数第二行添加日志打印：

echo "$JAVACMD" "${JVM_OPTS[@]}" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain "$@"
echo "$JAVACMD" "${JVM_OPTS[@]}" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain "$@"
echo "$JAVACMD" "${JVM_OPTS[@]}" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain "$@"

重新执行 flutter run –debug

可以看到 通过flutter run –debug 运行安卓模拟器，本质上是需要执行gradle打包app命令 gradlew，格式化看的清楚一些：

/Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents/jbr/Contents/Home/bin/java
 -Xdock:name=Gradle 
 -Xdock:icon=/Users/axx/Desktop/carrier_project_name/android/media/gradle.icns 
 -Dorg.gradle.appname=gradlew 
 -classpath /Users/axx/Desktop/carrier_project_name/android/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar 
 org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain 
 -q 
 -Ptarget-platform=android-arm64 
 -Ptarget=/Users/axx/Desktop/carrier_project_name/lib/main.dart 
 -Pbase-application-name=android.app.Application 
 -Pdart-defines=RkxVVFRFUl9XRUJfQVVUT19ERVRFQ1Q9dHJ1ZQ==,RkxVVFRFUl9XRUJfQ0FOVkFTS0lUX1VSTD1odHRwczovL3d3dy5nc3RhdGljLmNvbS9mbHV0dGVyLWNhbnZhc2tpdC9jZGJlZGE3ODhhMjkzZmEyOTY2NWRjM2ZhM2Q2ZTYzYmQyMjFjYjBkLw== 
 -Pdart-obfuscation=false 
 -Ptrack-widget-creation=true 
 -Ptree-shake-icons=false 
 -Pfilesystem-scheme=org-dartlang-root 
 assembleDebug
/Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents/jbr/Contents/Home/bin/java





 -Xdock:name=Gradle 


 -Xdock:icon=/Users/axx/Desktop/carrier_project_name/android/media/gradle.icns 


 -Dorg.gradle.appname=gradlew 



 -classpath /Users/axx/Desktop/carrier_project_name/android/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar 


 org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain 



 -q 


 -Ptarget-platform=android-arm64 

 -Ptarget=/Users/axx/Desktop/carrier_project_name/lib/main.dart 


 -Pbase-application-name=android.app.Application 

 -Pdart-defines=RkxVVFRFUl9XRUJfQVVUT19ERVRFQ1Q9dHJ1ZQ==,RkxVVFRFUl9XRUJfQ0FOVkFTS0lUX1VSTD1odHRwczovL3d3dy5nc3RhdGljLmNvbS9mbHV0dGVyLWNhbnZhc2tpdC9jZGJlZGE3ODhhMjkzZmEyOTY2NWRjM2ZhM2Q2ZTYzYmQyMjFjYjBkLw== 


 -Pdart-obfuscation=false 

 -Ptrack-widget-creation=true 

 -Ptree-shake-icons=false 

 -Pfilesystem-scheme=org-dartlang-root 

 assembleDebug
/Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents/jbr/Contents/Home/bin/java





 -Xdock:name=Gradle 


 -Xdock:icon=/Users/axx/Desktop/carrier_project_name/android/media/gradle.icns 


 -Dorg.gradle.appname=gradlew 



 -classpath /Users/axx/Desktop/carrier_project_name/android/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar 


 org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain 



 -q 


 -Ptarget-platform=android-arm64 

 -Ptarget=/Users/axx/Desktop/carrier_project_name/lib/main.dart 


 -Pbase-application-name=android.app.Application 

 -Pdart-defines=RkxVVFRFUl9XRUJfQVVUT19ERVRFQ1Q9dHJ1ZQ==,RkxVVFRFUl9XRUJfQ0FOVkFTS0lUX1VSTD1odHRwczovL3d3dy5nc3RhdGljLmNvbS9mbHV0dGVyLWNhbnZhc2tpdC9jZGJlZGE3ODhhMjkzZmEyOTY2NWRjM2ZhM2Q2ZTYzYmQyMjFjYjBkLw== 


 -Pdart-obfuscation=false 

 -Ptrack-widget-creation=true 

 -Ptree-shake-icons=false 

 -Pfilesystem-scheme=org-dartlang-root 

 assembleDebug

意思就是通过java 来驱动启动app

四、错误分析

4.1 Android SDK & ndk 版本下载

cmd + ，打开android studio 设置，下载Android sdk版本， ndk版本

android sdk 30，31，33版本 以及 ndk 21.1.6352462都是为了能尝试解决问题下载的版本

image.png

4.2 Project Structure设置

打开android studio菜单，file 菜单，下面选择Project Structure，打开Project Structure设置窗框：

image.png

当前Module SDK版本设置：
选择Module SDK设置为 API 33版本：

image.png

点击edit 选择 android api 版本：
image.png

把不要的都删了， 这里只留了 API 33的版本。

API language 没有改，默认啥样子就还是什么样

image.png

4.3 android 模拟器设备管理Device Manager

从菜单选择tools，点击 Device Manager

image.png

点击添加设备

image.png

选择手机，选择一个合适尺寸的模拟器：

image.png

这里我下载了 api Level 33的 image镜像：

image.png

点击API33，完成设备添加：

image.png

点击启动按钮

这样就把安卓模拟器 模拟器启动好了

4.4 修改 build.gradle中的 kotlin_version 和 gradle版本

回到开始的报错：

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

  • What went wrong:
    Execution failed for task ‘:app:processDebugMainManifest’.

Unable to make field private final java.lang.String java.io.File.path accessible: module java.base does not “opens java.io” to unnamed module @ffea291

通过上面分析，是java执行命令出错了

which java
which java
which java

输出如下：

/usr/bin/java
/usr/bin/java
/usr/bin/java

执行 gradlew

java 命令为 Android Studio.app目录下的java 命令。

gradlew脚本内容如下：

echo "JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME"
# Determine the Java command to use to start the JVM.
if [ -n "$JAVA_HOME" ] ; then
    if [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java" ] ; then
        # IBM's JDK on AIX uses strange locations for the executables
        JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java"
    else
        JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/bin/java"
    fi
    if [ ! -x "$JAVACMD" ] ; then
        die "ERROR: JAVA_HOME is set to an invalid directory: $JAVA_HOME
Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
location of your Java installation."
    fi
else
    JAVACMD="java"
    which java >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "ERROR: JAVA_HOME is not set and no 'java' command could be found in your PATH.
Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
location of your Java installation."
fi
echo "JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME"





# Determine the Java command to use to start the JVM.
if [ -n "$JAVA_HOME" ] ; then
    if [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java" ] ; then
        # IBM's JDK on AIX uses strange locations for the executables
        JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java"
    else
        JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/bin/java"
    fi
    if [ ! -x "$JAVACMD" ] ; then
        die "ERROR: JAVA_HOME is set to an invalid directory: $JAVA_HOME



Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
location of your Java installation."
    fi
else
    JAVACMD="java"
    which java >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "ERROR: JAVA_HOME is not set and no 'java' command could be found in your PATH.

Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
location of your Java installation."
fi
echo "JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME"





# Determine the Java command to use to start the JVM.
if [ -n "$JAVA_HOME" ] ; then
    if [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java" ] ; then
        # IBM's JDK on AIX uses strange locations for the executables
        JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java"
    else
        JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/bin/java"
    fi
    if [ ! -x "$JAVACMD" ] ; then
        die "ERROR: JAVA_HOME is set to an invalid directory: $JAVA_HOME



Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
location of your Java installation."
    fi
else
    JAVACMD="java"
    which java >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "ERROR: JAVA_HOME is not set and no 'java' command could be found in your PATH.

Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
location of your Java installation."
fi

通过添加echo “JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME”日志

JAVA_HOME=/Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents/jbr/Contents/Home

这个JAVA_HOME 在什么时候赋值了呢？

回到上面flutter tools启动命令的过程

final String? javaHome = globals.androidSdk?.javaHome;
exitCode = await _processUtils.stream(
  command,
  workingDirectory: project.android.hostAppGradleRoot.path,
  allowReentrantFlutter: true,
  environment: <String, String>{
    if (javaHome != null)
      AndroidSdk.javaHomeEnvironmentVariable: javaHome,
  },
  mapFunction: consumeLog,
);
final String? javaHome = globals.androidSdk?.javaHome;

exitCode = await _processUtils.stream(
  command,
  workingDirectory: project.android.hostAppGradleRoot.path,
  allowReentrantFlutter: true,
  environment: <String, String>{
    if (javaHome != null)
      AndroidSdk.javaHomeEnvironmentVariable: javaHome,
  },
  mapFunction: consumeLog,
);
final String? javaHome = globals.androidSdk?.javaHome;

exitCode = await _processUtils.stream(
  command,
  workingDirectory: project.android.hostAppGradleRoot.path,
  allowReentrantFlutter: true,
  environment: <String, String>{
    if (javaHome != null)
      AndroidSdk.javaHomeEnvironmentVariable: javaHome,
  },
  mapFunction: consumeLog,
);

image.png

则是在flutter tools执行时，通过android studio 的安装目录，自动动态获取的路径：

static const String javaHomeEnvironmentVariable = 'JAVA_HOME';
static const String javaHomeEnvironmentVariable = 'JAVA_HOME';
static const String javaHomeEnvironmentVariable = 'JAVA_HOME';

那么看看java 版本是多少：

/Applications/Android\ Studio.app/Contents/jbr/Contents/Home/bin/java --version
/Applications/Android\ Studio.app/Contents/jbr/Contents/Home/bin/java --version
/Applications/Android\ Studio.app/Contents/jbr/Contents/Home/bin/java --version

输出：

openjdk 17.0.6 2023-01-17
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 17.0.6+0-17.0.6b829.9-10027231)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 17.0.6+0-17.0.6b829.9-10027231, mixed mode)
openjdk 17.0.6 2023-01-17





OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 17.0.6+0-17.0.6b829.9-10027231)


OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 17.0.6+0-17.0.6b829.9-10027231, mixed mode)
openjdk 17.0.6 2023-01-17





OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 17.0.6+0-17.0.6b829.9-10027231)


OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 17.0.6+0-17.0.6b829.9-10027231, mixed mode)

到此，我们知道我们的 flutter run –debug的启动过程时通过java 执行gradlew 打包的过程

并且或者我们的java 版本是17

参考一下文章
www.kuazhi.com/post/425519…

最后 通过 修改 android/build.gradle 文件：

buildscript {
    ext.kotlin_version = '1.9.0'
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.2.0'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
    }
}
buildscript {
    ext.kotlin_version = '1.9.0'
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }

    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.2.0'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
    }
}
buildscript {
    ext.kotlin_version = '1.9.0'
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }

    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.2.0'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
    }
}

旧的配置：
ext.kotlin_version = ‘1.6.10’
classpath ‘com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.1.0’

修改为新的配置：
ext.kotlin_version = ‘1.9.0’
classpath ‘com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.2.0’

这里如果不修改 kotlin版本，则会报错：

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.
* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:compileDebugKotlin'.
> Compilation error. See log for more details
* Try:
> Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace.
> Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
> Run with --scan to get full insights.
* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org
BUILD FAILED in 10s
┌─ Flutter Fix ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ [!] Your project requires a newer version of the Kotlin Gradle plugin.                     │
│ Find the latest version on https://kotlinlang.org/docs/releases.html#release-details, then │
│ update /Users/axx/Desktop/carrier_project_name/android/build.gradle:                       │
│ ext.kotlin_version = '<latest-version>'                                                    │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Exception: Gradle task assembleDebug failed with exit code 1
FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.





* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:compileDebugKotlin'.
> Compilation error. See log for more details


* Try:
> Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace.
> Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
> Run with --scan to get full insights.


* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org



BUILD FAILED in 10s


┌─ Flutter Fix ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ [!] Your project requires a newer version of the Kotlin Gradle plugin.                     │
│ Find the latest version on https://kotlinlang.org/docs/releases.html#release-details, then │
│ update /Users/axx/Desktop/carrier_project_name/android/build.gradle:                       │
│ ext.kotlin_version = '<latest-version>'                                                    │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Exception: Gradle task assembleDebug failed with exit code 1
FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.





* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:compileDebugKotlin'.
> Compilation error. See log for more details


* Try:
> Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace.
> Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
> Run with --scan to get full insights.


* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org



BUILD FAILED in 10s


┌─ Flutter Fix ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ [!] Your project requires a newer version of the Kotlin Gradle plugin.                     │
│ Find the latest version on https://kotlinlang.org/docs/releases.html#release-details, then │
│ update /Users/axx/Desktop/carrier_project_name/android/build.gradle:                       │
│ ext.kotlin_version = '<latest-version>'                                                    │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Exception: Gradle task assembleDebug failed with exit code 1

通过访问 kotlinlang.org

看到Kotlin 当前 最新版本为1.9.0 ，所以修改为此配置。

重新运行，终于OK了。

image.png

总结

  • 安卓项目的启动是通过flutter tools找到 java_home 环境，即使用android studio app 程序下的java环境启动 gradlew 编译app。
  • flutter tools java bin path AndroidSdk.javaHomeEnvironmentVariable是通过本机安装的androd studio应用程序安装目录。为
 _processUtils.stream(
command,
workingDirectory: project.android.hostAppGradleRoot.path,
allowReentrantFlutter: true,
environment: <String, String>{
  if (javaHome != null)
    AndroidSdk.javaHomeEnvironmentVariable: javaHome,
},
mapFunction: consumeLog,
);
 _processUtils.stream(
command,
workingDirectory: project.android.hostAppGradleRoot.path,
allowReentrantFlutter: true,
environment: <String, String>{
  if (javaHome != null)
    AndroidSdk.javaHomeEnvironmentVariable: javaHome,
},
mapFunction: consumeLog,
);
 _processUtils.stream(
command,
workingDirectory: project.android.hostAppGradleRoot.path,
allowReentrantFlutter: true,
environment: <String, String>{
  if (javaHome != null)
    AndroidSdk.javaHomeEnvironmentVariable: javaHome,
},
mapFunction: consumeLog,
);

  • gradlew 为一个shell程序，启动命令为JAVA_HOME=/Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents/jbr/Contents/Home /Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents/jbr/Contents/Home/bin/java -Xdock:name=Gradle -Xdock:icon=/Users/axx/Desktop/carrier_project_name/android/media/gradle.icns -Dorg.gradle.appname=gradlew -classpath /Users/axx/Desktop/carrier_project_name/android/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain -q -Ptarget-platform=android-arm64 -Ptarget=/Users/axx/Desktop/carrier_project_name/lib/main.dart -Pbase-application-name=android.app.Application -Pdart-defines=Zmx1dHRlci5pbnNwZWN0b3Iuc3RydWN0dXJlZEVycm9ycz10cnVl,RkxVVFRFUl9XRUJfQVVUT19ERVRFQ1Q9dHJ1ZQ==,RkxVVFRFUl9XRUJfQ0FOVkFTS0lUX1VSTD1odHRwczovL3d3dy5nc3RhdGljLmNvbS9mbHV0dGVyLWNhbnZhc2tpdC9jZGJlZGE3ODhhMjkzZmEyOTY2NWRjM2ZhM2Q2ZTYzYmQyMjFjYjBkLw== -Pdart-obfuscation=false -Ptrack-widget-creation=true -Ptree-shake-icons=false -Pfilesystem-scheme=org-dartlang-root assembleDebug

  • 我的安卓stuio版本是Android Studio Giraffe | 2022.3.1则通过修改build.gradle配置文件的com.android.tools.build:gradle版本和kotlin_version版本解决 java 版本不匹配问题，即可成功运行项目或者打包apk

© 版权声明
文章版权归作者所有，未经允许请勿转载，侵权请联系 admin@trc20.tw 删除。
THE END

# iOS# Flutter# Dart
喜欢就支持一下吧
点赞0

Warning: mysqli_query(): (HY000/3): Error writing file '/tmp/MYkDeWFw' (Errcode: 28 - No space left on device) in /www/wwwroot/583.cn/wp-includes/class-wpdb.php on line 2345
admin的头像-五八三
相关推荐
评论 抢沙发
头像
欢迎您留下宝贵的见解！
提交
头像

昵称

图形验证码
取消
昵称

请填写用户信息：

  • 昵称(必填)
  • 邮箱(必填)
代码

请输入代码：

确认
图片
文章目录
文章目录
热门推荐