如果想要文本超出宽度后用省略号省略,只需要加上以下的css就行了。
.ellipsis {overflow: hidden;text-overflow: ellipsis;white-space: nowrap;}.ellipsis { overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }.ellipsis { overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
3行css搞定,但是问题来了:如果我们想要当文本被省略的时候,也就是当文本超出指定的宽度后,鼠标悬浮在文本上面才展示popper,应该怎么实现呢?
CSS帮我们搞定了省略,但是JS并不知道文本什么时候被省略了,所以我们得通过JS来计算。接下来,我将介绍2种方法来实现JS计算省略。
createRange
我发现Element-plus
表格组件已经实现了这个功能,所以就先来学习一下它的源码。
// 仅仅粘贴相关的const cellChild = (event.target as HTMLElement).querySelector('.cell')const range = document.createRange()range.setStart(cellChild, 0)range.setEnd(cellChild, cellChild.childNodes.length)let rangeWidth = range.getBoundingClientRect().widthlet rangeHeight = range.getBoundingClientRect().height/** detail: https://github.com/element-plus/element-plus/issues/10790* What went wrong?* UI > Browser > Zoom, In Blink/WebKit, getBoundingClientRect() sometimes returns inexact values, probably due to lostprecision during internal calculations. In the example above:* - Expected: 188* - Actual: 188.00000762939453*/const offsetWidth = rangeWidth - Math.floor(rangeWidth)if (offsetWidth < 0.001) {rangeWidth = Math.floor(rangeWidth)}const offsetHeight = rangeHeight - Math.floor(rangeHeight)if (offsetHeight < 0.001) {rangeHeight = Math.floor(rangeHeight)}const { top, left, right, bottom } = getPadding(cellChild) // 见下方const horizontalPadding = left + rightconst verticalPadding = top + bottomif (rangeWidth + horizontalPadding > cellChild.offsetWidth ||rangeHeight + verticalPadding > cellChild.offsetHeight ||cellChild.scrollWidth > cellChild.offsetWidth) {createTablePopper(parent?.refs.tableWrapper,cell,cell.innerText || cell.textContent,nextZIndex,tooltipOptions)}// 仅仅粘贴相关的 const cellChild = (event.target as HTMLElement).querySelector('.cell') const range = document.createRange() range.setStart(cellChild, 0) range.setEnd(cellChild, cellChild.childNodes.length) let rangeWidth = range.getBoundingClientRect().width let rangeHeight = range.getBoundingClientRect().height /** detail: https://github.com/element-plus/element-plus/issues/10790 * What went wrong? * UI > Browser > Zoom, In Blink/WebKit, getBoundingClientRect() sometimes returns inexact values, probably due to lost precision during internal calculations. In the example above: * - Expected: 188 * - Actual: 188.00000762939453 */ const offsetWidth = rangeWidth - Math.floor(rangeWidth) if (offsetWidth < 0.001) { rangeWidth = Math.floor(rangeWidth) } const offsetHeight = rangeHeight - Math.floor(rangeHeight) if (offsetHeight < 0.001) { rangeHeight = Math.floor(rangeHeight) } const { top, left, right, bottom } = getPadding(cellChild) // 见下方 const horizontalPadding = left + right const verticalPadding = top + bottom if ( rangeWidth + horizontalPadding > cellChild.offsetWidth || rangeHeight + verticalPadding > cellChild.offsetHeight || cellChild.scrollWidth > cellChild.offsetWidth ) { createTablePopper( parent?.refs.tableWrapper, cell, cell.innerText || cell.textContent, nextZIndex, tooltipOptions ) }// 仅仅粘贴相关的 const cellChild = (event.target as HTMLElement).querySelector('.cell') const range = document.createRange() range.setStart(cellChild, 0) range.setEnd(cellChild, cellChild.childNodes.length) let rangeWidth = range.getBoundingClientRect().width let rangeHeight = range.getBoundingClientRect().height /** detail: https://github.com/element-plus/element-plus/issues/10790 * What went wrong? * UI > Browser > Zoom, In Blink/WebKit, getBoundingClientRect() sometimes returns inexact values, probably due to lost precision during internal calculations. In the example above: * - Expected: 188 * - Actual: 188.00000762939453 */ const offsetWidth = rangeWidth - Math.floor(rangeWidth) if (offsetWidth < 0.001) { rangeWidth = Math.floor(rangeWidth) } const offsetHeight = rangeHeight - Math.floor(rangeHeight) if (offsetHeight < 0.001) { rangeHeight = Math.floor(rangeHeight) } const { top, left, right, bottom } = getPadding(cellChild) // 见下方 const horizontalPadding = left + right const verticalPadding = top + bottom if ( rangeWidth + horizontalPadding > cellChild.offsetWidth || rangeHeight + verticalPadding > cellChild.offsetHeight || cellChild.scrollWidth > cellChild.offsetWidth ) { createTablePopper( parent?.refs.tableWrapper, cell, cell.innerText || cell.textContent, nextZIndex, tooltipOptions ) }
// 上面代码17行中的getPadding函数const getPadding = (el: HTMLElement) => {const style = window.getComputedStyle(el, null)const paddingLeft = Number.parseInt(style.paddingLeft, 10) || 0const paddingRight = Number.parseInt(style.paddingRight, 10) || 0const paddingTop = Number.parseInt(style.paddingTop, 10) || 0const paddingBottom = Number.parseInt(style.paddingBottom, 10) || 0return {left: paddingLeft,right: paddingRight,top: paddingTop,bottom: paddingBottom,}}// 上面代码17行中的getPadding函数 const getPadding = (el: HTMLElement) => { const style = window.getComputedStyle(el, null) const paddingLeft = Number.parseInt(style.paddingLeft, 10) || 0 const paddingRight = Number.parseInt(style.paddingRight, 10) || 0 const paddingTop = Number.parseInt(style.paddingTop, 10) || 0 const paddingBottom = Number.parseInt(style.paddingBottom, 10) || 0 return { left: paddingLeft, right: paddingRight, top: paddingTop, bottom: paddingBottom, } }// 上面代码17行中的getPadding函数 const getPadding = (el: HTMLElement) => { const style = window.getComputedStyle(el, null) const paddingLeft = Number.parseInt(style.paddingLeft, 10) || 0 const paddingRight = Number.parseInt(style.paddingRight, 10) || 0 const paddingTop = Number.parseInt(style.paddingTop, 10) || 0 const paddingBottom = Number.parseInt(style.paddingBottom, 10) || 0 return { left: paddingLeft, right: paddingRight, top: paddingTop, bottom: paddingBottom, } }
document.createRange()
是 JavaScript 中的一个方法,用于创建一个 Range 对象,表示文档中的一个范围。Range 对象通常用于选择文档中的一部分内容,然后对其进行操作。
它可以:
- 设置选中文本范围:可以使用
document.createRange()
方法创建一个 Range 对象,并使用setStart()
和setEnd()
方法设置选中文本的起始和结束位置。 - 插入新元素:可以使用
document.createRange()
方法创建一个 Range 对象,并使用insertNode()
方法将新元素插入到文档中的指定位置。 - 获取特定元素的位置:可以使用
document.createRange()
方法创建一个 Range 对象,并使用getBoundingClientRect()
方法获取元素在文档中的位置和大小信息。
这边element就是使用range对象的getBoundingClientRect获取到元素的宽高,同时因为得到的宽高值有很多位的小数,所以element-plus做了一个判断,如果小数值小于0.001就舍弃小数部分。
接下来,就让我们进行一下复刻吧,可以通过调整盒子的宽度,在页面中看到是否有省略号的判断。
注意这里,我们需要区分clientWidth
和offsetWidth
,因为我们给了box加了1px的边框,所以offsetWidth = 1 * 2 + clientWidth,所以我们使用clientWidth来代表box的实际宽度。
const checkEllipsis = () => {const range = document.createRange();range.setStart(box, 0)range.setEnd(box, box.childNodes.length)let rangeWidth = range.getBoundingClientRect().widthlet rangeHeight = range.getBoundingClientRect().heightconst contentWidth = rangeWidth - Math.floor(rangeWidth)const { pLeft, pRight, pTop, pBottom } = getPadding(box)const horizontalPadding = pLeft + pRightconst verticalPadding = pTop + pBottomif (rangeWidth + horizontalPadding > box.clientWidth) {result.textContent = '存在省略号'} else {result.textContent = '容器宽度足够,没有省略号了'}}const checkEllipsis = () => { const range = document.createRange(); range.setStart(box, 0) range.setEnd(box, box.childNodes.length) let rangeWidth = range.getBoundingClientRect().width let rangeHeight = range.getBoundingClientRect().height const contentWidth = rangeWidth - Math.floor(rangeWidth) const { pLeft, pRight, pTop, pBottom } = getPadding(box) const horizontalPadding = pLeft + pRight const verticalPadding = pTop + pBottom if (rangeWidth + horizontalPadding > box.clientWidth) { result.textContent = '存在省略号' } else { result.textContent = '容器宽度足够,没有省略号了' } }const checkEllipsis = () => { const range = document.createRange(); range.setStart(box, 0) range.setEnd(box, box.childNodes.length) let rangeWidth = range.getBoundingClientRect().width let rangeHeight = range.getBoundingClientRect().height const contentWidth = rangeWidth - Math.floor(rangeWidth) const { pLeft, pRight, pTop, pBottom } = getPadding(box) const horizontalPadding = pLeft + pRight const verticalPadding = pTop + pBottom if (rangeWidth + horizontalPadding > box.clientWidth) { result.textContent = '存在省略号' } else { result.textContent = '容器宽度足够,没有省略号了' } }
创建一个div来获取模拟宽度
我们可以还可以通过创建一个几乎相同的div来获取没有overflow:hidden
时元素的实际宽度。
const checkEllipsis = () => {const elementWidth = box.clientWidth;const tempElement = document.createElement('div');const style = window.getComputedStyle(box, null)tempElement.style.cssText = `position: absolute;top: -9999px;left: -9999px;white-space: nowrap;padding-left:${style.paddingLeft};padding-right:${style.paddingRight};font-size: ${style.fontSize};font-family: ${style.fontFamily};font-weight: ${style.fontWeight};letter-spacing: ${style.letterSpacing};`;tempElement.textContent = box.textContent;document.body.appendChild(tempElement);if (tempElement.clientWidth >= elementWidth) {result.textContent = '存在省略号'} else {result.textContent = '容器宽度足够,没有省略号了'}document.body.removeChild(tempElement);}const checkEllipsis = () => { const elementWidth = box.clientWidth; const tempElement = document.createElement('div'); const style = window.getComputedStyle(box, null) tempElement.style.cssText = ` position: absolute; top: -9999px; left: -9999px; white-space: nowrap; padding-left:${style.paddingLeft}; padding-right:${style.paddingRight}; font-size: ${style.fontSize}; font-family: ${style.fontFamily}; font-weight: ${style.fontWeight}; letter-spacing: ${style.letterSpacing}; `; tempElement.textContent = box.textContent; document.body.appendChild(tempElement); if (tempElement.clientWidth >= elementWidth) { result.textContent = '存在省略号' } else { result.textContent = '容器宽度足够,没有省略号了' } document.body.removeChild(tempElement); }const checkEllipsis = () => { const elementWidth = box.clientWidth; const tempElement = document.createElement('div'); const style = window.getComputedStyle(box, null) tempElement.style.cssText = ` position: absolute; top: -9999px; left: -9999px; white-space: nowrap; padding-left:${style.paddingLeft}; padding-right:${style.paddingRight}; font-size: ${style.fontSize}; font-family: ${style.fontFamily}; font-weight: ${style.fontWeight}; letter-spacing: ${style.letterSpacing}; `; tempElement.textContent = box.textContent; document.body.appendChild(tempElement); if (tempElement.clientWidth >= elementWidth) { result.textContent = '存在省略号' } else { result.textContent = '容器宽度足够,没有省略号了' } document.body.removeChild(tempElement); }
示例如下:
方法比较
- 第一种方法没有创建新的dom,性能应该是更好的,且第一种方法更为简单
- 精确度2种方法几乎相同
之后我在看看其他组件库有什么好的方法,然后再补充上来,前端总是在做这些很小很小的点,哈哈。
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