Java实现数组去重复的18种写法

说明

数组(含List)去重复在日常工作中经常遇到,很多时候用到Set数据结构,但有时候我们需要针对数据进行干预,这时候就需要用其他的实现方式了。以下列出各种的去重方式,基本含括了所有情况。

源码下载

https://github.com/microwind/algorithms/blob/main/unique/UniqueArray.java

  // 1. 遍历全部成员,将当前项目与左边项逐个进行对比,如果值相同且下标相同表示唯一,  // 其他则认为是重复项进行忽略  static int[] unique1(int arr[]) {    int newArr[] = new int[arr.length];    int x = 0;    for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {      for (int j = 0; j <= i; j++) {        if (arr[i] == arr[j]) {          if (i == j) {            newArr[x] = arr[i];            x++;          }          break;        }      }    }    int result[] = Arrays.copyOf(newArr, x);    return result;  }

  // 2. 先将数组转换为List,利用List的indexOf方法查找下标,  // 当下标匹配时表示唯一,添加到新列表中  static Integer[] unique2(Integer arr[]) {    int x = 0;    List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(arr));    int l = list.size();    for (int i = 0; i < l; i++) {      if (list.indexOf(arr[i]) == i) {        list.add(arr[i]);        x++;      }    }    // 返回取出的非重复项    Integer[] result = new Integer[x];    return list.subList(list.size() - x, list.size()).toArray(result);  }

  // 3. 在原有列表上移除重复项目。自后往前遍历,逐个与前面项比较,  // 如果值相同且下标相同,则移除当前项。  static Integer[] unique3(Integer arr[]) {    List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(arr));    int l = list.size();    while (l-- > 0) {      int i = l;      while (i-- > 0) {        if (list.get(l).equals(list.get(i))) {          list.remove(l);          break;        }      }    }    return list.toArray(new Integer[list.size()]);  }

 // 4. 在原有列表上移除重复项目。自前往后遍历,逐个与前面项比较, // 如果值相同且下标相同,则移除前面项。 static Integer[] unique4(Integer arr[]) {   List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(arr));   int l = list.size();    for (int i = 1; i < l; i++) {     for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {       if (list.get(i).equals(list.get(j))) {         list.remove(i);         i--;         l--;         break;       }     }   }   return list.toArray(new Integer[list.size()]); }

  // 5. 在原有列表上移除重复项目。自前往后遍历,逐个与后面项比较,  // 如果值相同且下标相同,则移除当前项。  static Integer[] unique5(Integer arr[]) {    List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(arr));    int l = list.size();    for (int i = 0; i < l; i++) {      for (int j = i + 1; j < l; j++) {        if (list.get(i).equals(list.get(j))) {          list.remove(j);          i--;          l--;          break;        }      }    }    return list.toArray(new Integer[list.size()]);  }

  // 6. 利用hashMap属性唯一性来实现去重复。  static Integer[] unique6(Integer arr[]) {    Map<Object, Integer> map = new HashMap<Object, Integer>();     for (Integer item : arr) {      if (map.containsKey(item)) {        continue;      }      map.put(item, item);    }     List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>(map.values());    return list.toArray(new Integer[list.size()]);  }

  // 7. 利用filter表达式,即把不符合条件的过滤掉。需要借助外部列表存储不重复项。  static List<Integer> unique7newArr = new ArrayList<>();   static boolean unique7contains(Integer item) {    if (unique7newArr.indexOf(item) < 0) {      unique7newArr.add(item);      return true;    }    return false;  }   static Integer[] unique7(Integer arr[]) {    List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(arr));    return list.stream().filter(UniqueArray::unique7contains).collect(Collectors.toList())        .toArray(new Integer[UniqueArray.unique7newArr.size()]);  }

  // 8. 利用hashSet数据结构直接去重复项。无序非同步。  static Integer[] unique8(Integer arr[]) {    System.out.print("covert to steam first then to set: ");    Arrays.asList(arr).stream().collect(Collectors.toSet()).forEach(System.out::print);    System.out.println("\ndirectly convert to set:");    Set<Integer> set = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(arr));    return new ArrayList<>(set).toArray(new Integer[set.size()]);  }

  // 9. 利用LinkedHashSet数据结构直接去重复项。有序链表。  static Integer[] unique9(Integer arr[]) {    Set<Integer> linkedHashSet = new LinkedHashSet<>(Arrays.asList(arr));    return new ArrayList<>(linkedHashSet).toArray(new Integer[linkedHashSet.size()]);  }

  // 10. 利用TreeSet数据结构直接去重复项。自然排序和定制排序。  static Integer[] unique10(Integer arr[]) {    Set<Integer> treeSet = new TreeSet<>(Arrays.asList(arr)).descendingSet();    return new ArrayList<>(treeSet).toArray(new Integer[treeSet.size()]);  }

  // 11. 提前排序,从后向前遍历,将当前项与前一项对比,如果重复则移除当前项  static Integer[] unique11(Integer arr[]) {    List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(arr));    Collections.sort(list);    for (int l = list.size() - 1; l > 0; l--) {      if (list.get(l).equals(list.get(l - 1))) {        list.remove(l);      }    }    return new ArrayList<>(list).toArray(new Integer[list.size()]);  }

  // 12. 提前排序,自前往后遍历,将当前项与后一项对比,如果重复则移除当前项  static Integer[] unique12(Integer arr[]) {    List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(arr));    Collections.sort(list, Collections.reverseOrder());    int l = list.size() - 1;    for (int i = 0; i < l; i++) {      if (list.get(i).equals(list.get(i + 1))) {        list.remove(i);        i--;        l--;      }    }    return new ArrayList<>(list).toArray(new Integer[list.size()]);  }

  // 13. 转为stream,利用distinct方法去重复  static Integer[] unique13(Integer arr[]) {    List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(arr));    list = list.stream().distinct().collect(Collectors.toList());    return new ArrayList<>(list).toArray(new Integer[list.size()]);  }

  // 14. 双循环自右往左逐个与左侧项对比,如遇相同则跳过当前项  // 下一项为当前项,继续逐个与左侧项对比  static Integer[] unique14(Integer arr[]) {    int len = arr.length;    Integer[] result = new Integer[len];    int x = len;    for (int i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--) {      for (int j = i - 1; j >= 0; j--) {        if (arr[i].equals(arr[j])) {          i--;          j = i;        }      }      // 非重复项的为唯一,追加到新数组      result[--x] = arr[i];    }    return Arrays.copyOfRange(result, x, len);  }

  // 15. 利用Interator来遍历List,如果不在新列表中则添加  static Integer[] unique15(Integer arr[]) {    List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(arr));    List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>();    Iterator<Integer> it = list.iterator();    while (it.hasNext()) {      Integer item = it.next();      if (!result.contains(item)) {        result.add(item);      }    }    return new ArrayList<>(result).toArray(new Integer[result.size()]);  }

  // 16. 利用递归调用来去重复。递归自后往前逐个调用,当长度为1时终止。  // 当后一项与前任一项相同说明有重复,则删除当前项。相当于利用自我调用来替换循环  static Integer[] uniqueRecursion1(Integer arr[],     int len, List<Integer> result) {    int last = len - 1;    Integer lastItem = arr[last];    int l = last;    boolean isRepeat = false;    if (len <= 1) {      result.add(0, lastItem);      return new ArrayList<>(result).toArray(new Integer[result.size()]);    }    while (l-- > 0) {      if (lastItem.equals(arr[l])) {        isRepeat = true;        break;      }    }    // 如果不重复表示唯一,则添加到新数组中    if (!isRepeat) {      result.add(0, lastItem);    }    return uniqueRecursion1(arr, len - 1, result);  }

  // 17. 利用递归调用来去重复的另外一种方式。递归自后往前逐个调用,当长度为1时终止。  // 与上一个递归不同,这里将不重复的项目作为结果拼接起来  static List<Integer> uniqueRecursion2(List<Integer> arr, int len) {    if (len <= 1) {      System.out.println("last arr:" + arr);      return arr;    }     int last = len - 1;    int l = last - 1;    boolean isRepeat = false;    Integer lastItem = arr.get(last);    while (l >= 0) {      if (lastItem.equals(arr.get(l))) {        isRepeat = true;        break;      }      l--;    }     // 如果不重复则添加到临时列表,最后将全部结果拼接    List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>();    arr.remove(last);    if (!isRepeat) {      result.add(lastItem);    }    return Stream.concat(uniqueRecursion2(arr, len - 1).stream(),       result.stream()).collect(Collectors.toList());  } 

  // 18. 双重循环,将左侧项逐个与当前项比较。  // 如果遇到值相等则跳出循环比较下标,  // 若下标相同表示第一次出现则追加到新数组。  // 这里与第1个方案稍微不同。  static Integer[] unique18(Integer arr[]) {    Integer newArr[] = new Integer[arr.length];    int x = 0;    for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {      int j = 0;;      for (; j < i; j++) {        if (arr[i].equals(arr[j])) {          break;        }      }      if (i == j) {        newArr[x] = arr[i];        x++;      }    }    return Arrays.copyOf(newArr, x);  }

  // 测试用例  public static void main(final String args[]) {    int arr1[] = { 1, 3, -1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, -1 };    int[] result;    long startTime;    // 1.    System.out.println("unique1 start:" + Arrays.toString(arr1));    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();    result = UniqueArray.unique1(arr1);    System.out.println("unique1 result:" + Arrays.toString(result));    System.out.println("\r\ntime:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");     // 2.    Integer arr2[] = { 1, 3, -1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, -1 };    System.out.println("unique2 start:" + Arrays.toString(arr2));    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();    Integer result2[] = UniqueArray.unique2(arr2);    System.out.println("unique2 result:" + Arrays.toString(result2));    System.out.println("\r\ntime:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");     // 3.    Integer arr3[] = { 1, 3, -1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, -1 };    System.out.println("unique3 start:" + Arrays.toString(arr2));    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();    Integer result3[] = UniqueArray.unique3(arr3);    System.out.println("unique3 result:" + Arrays.toString(result3));    System.out.println("\r\ntime:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");     // 4.    Integer arr4[] = { 1, 3, -1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, -1 };    System.out.println("unique4 start:" + Arrays.toString(arr4));    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();    Integer result4[] = UniqueArray.unique4(arr4);    System.out.println("unique4 result:" + Arrays.toString(result4));    System.out.println("\r\ntime:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");     // 5.    Integer arr5[] = { 1, 3, -1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, -1 };    System.out.println("unique5 start:" + Arrays.toString(arr5));    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();    Integer result5[] = UniqueArray.unique5(arr5);    System.out.println("unique5 result:" + Arrays.toString(result5));    System.out.println("\r\ntime:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");     // 6.    Integer arr6[] = { 1, 3, -1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, -1 };    System.out.println("unique6 start:" + Arrays.toString(arr6));    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();    Integer result6[] = UniqueArray.unique6(arr6);    System.out.println("unique6 result:" + Arrays.toString(result6));    System.out.println("\r\ntime:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");     // 7.    Integer arr7[] = { 1, 3, -1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, -1 };    System.out.println("unique7 start:" + Arrays.toString(arr7));    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();    Integer result7[] = UniqueArray.unique7(arr7);    System.out.println("unique7 result:" + Arrays.toString(result7));    System.out.println("\r\ntime:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");     // 8.    Integer arr8[] = { 1, 3, -1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, -1 };    System.out.println("unique8 start:" + Arrays.toString(arr8));    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();    Integer result8[] = UniqueArray.unique8(arr8);    System.out.println("unique8 result:" + Arrays.toString(result8));    System.out.println("\r\ntime:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");     // 9.    Integer arr9[] = { 1, 3, -1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, -1 };    System.out.println("unique9 start:" + Arrays.toString(arr9));    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();    Integer result9[] = UniqueArray.unique9(arr9);    System.out.println("unique9 result:" + Arrays.toString(result9));    System.out.println("\r\ntime:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");     // 10.    Integer arr10[] = { 1, 3, -1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, -1 };    System.out.println("unique10 start:" + Arrays.toString(arr10));    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();    Integer result10[] = UniqueArray.unique10(arr10);    System.out.println("unique10 result:" + Arrays.toString(result10));    System.out.println("\r\ntime:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");     // 11.    Integer arr11[] = { 1, 3, -1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, -1 };    System.out.println("unique11 start:" + Arrays.toString(arr11));    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();    Integer result11[] = UniqueArray.unique11(arr11);    System.out.println("unique11 result:" + Arrays.toString(result11));    System.out.println("\r\ntime:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");     // 12.    Integer arr12[] = { 1, 3, -1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, -1 };    System.out.println("unique12 start:" + Arrays.toString(arr12));    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();    Integer result12[] = UniqueArray.unique12(arr12);    System.out.println("unique12 result:" + Arrays.toString(result12));    System.out.println("\r\ntime:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");     // 13.    Integer arr13[] = { 1, 3, -1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, -1 };    System.out.println("unique13 start:" + Arrays.toString(arr13));    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();    Integer result13[] = UniqueArray.unique13(arr13);    System.out.println("unique13 result:" + Arrays.toString(result13));    System.out.println("\r\ntime:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");     // 14.    Integer arr14[] = { 1, 3, -1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, -1 };    System.out.println("unique14 start:" + Arrays.toString(arr14));    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();    Integer result14[] = UniqueArray.unique14(arr14);    System.out.println("unique14 result:" + Arrays.toString(result14));    System.out.println("\r\ntime:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");     // 15.    Integer arr15[] = { 1, 3, -1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, -1 };    System.out.println("unique15 start:" + Arrays.toString(arr15));    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();    Integer result15[] = UniqueArray.unique15(arr15);    System.out.println("unique15 result:" + Arrays.toString(result15));    System.out.println("\r\ntime:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");     // 16.    Integer arr16[] = { 1, 3, -1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, -1 };    System.out.println("uniqueRecursion1 start:" + Arrays.toString(arr16));    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();    Integer result16[] = UniqueArray.uniqueRecursion1(arr16, arr16.length, new ArrayList<>());    System.out.println("uniqueRecursion1 result:" + Arrays.toString(result16));    System.out.println("\r\ntime:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");     // 17.    Integer arr17[] = { 1, 3, -1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, -1 };    System.out.println("uniqueRecursion2 start:" + Arrays.toString(arr17));    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();    List<Integer> result17 = UniqueArray.uniqueRecursion2(new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(arr17)), arr17.length);    System.out.println("uniqueRecursion2 result:" + result17);    System.out.println("\r\ntime:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");     // 18.    Integer arr18[] = { 1, 3, -1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, -1 };    System.out.println("unique18 start:" + Arrays.toString(arr18));    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();    Integer result18[] = UniqueArray.unique18(arr18);    System.out.println("unique18 result:" + Arrays.toString(result18));    System.out.println("\r\ntime:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");   }

更多算法代码,请关注

https://github.com/microwind/algorithms/

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