JSON（JavaScript 对象表示法）是一种流行的轻量级数据交换标准。它表示由键值对组成的数据结构，非常简单且易于理解。
JSON 已成为在线服务之间数据交换的行业标准。它广泛应用于现代编程语言中，包括 Python。
JSON 数据经常表示为嵌套字典、列表和标量值，例如文本、数字、布尔值和 null。它被命名为 JSON，因为它非常模仿 JavaScript 对象中使用的语法。
在本教程中，您将探索 Python 中的 JSON 模块并学习如何有效地使用 JSON 数据。
Python 内置 JSON 模块
JSON 在 Python 编程中发挥着重要作用，因为它允许高效的数据序列化和反序列化。它使 Python 程序能够轻松地与 Web 服务通信、交换数据并存储结构化信息。
开发人员可以使用 JSON 将其 Python 程序与使用 JSON 进行数据表示的各种 API、数据库和外部系统无缝链接。
Python 中的内置 JSON 模块提供了一组强大的方法和类，使 JSON 数据的处理变得简单。开发人员可以使用它将 Python 对象编码为 JSON 字符串，并将 JSON 字符串解码回 Python 对象。
如何在文件中存储 JSON 数据
在 Python 中处理 JSON 数据时，您经常需要保存数据或与其他人共享数据。将 JSON 数据存储在文件中可以实现快速检索和数据持久化。
在本节中，您将学习如何使用Python的json.dump()函数将JSON数据保存到文件中。此过程涉及序列化 JSON 数据并将其保存到文件中，您随后可以根据需要读取和使用该文件。
功能json.dump()_
Python 中的函数json.dump()允许您将 JSON 数据直接存储到文件中。该函数有两个参数：要序列化的数据和将写入数据的文件对象。
要将 JSON 数据写入文件，您需要执行几个步骤。首先，您需要以写入模式打开一个文件，并指定文件路径。然后，您可以使用该json.dump()函数序列化数据并将其写入文件。最后，您需要关闭文件以确保所有数据均正确保存。
让我们以星座 API 响应为例，了解如何将数据存储在文件中。
假设您已向以下 URL 发出 GET 请求：horoscope-app-api.vercel.app/api/v1/get-…该 URL 提供摩羯座的每日星座运势符号。
<span style="color:var(--gray85)"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#0077aa">import</span> requests
<span style="color:#0077aa">import</span> json
<span style="color:#708090"># Make the GET request to the horoscope API</span>
response <span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">=</span></span> requests<span style="color:#999999">.</span>get<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"https://horoscope-app-api.vercel.app/api/v1/get-horoscope/daily?sign=capricorn&day=today"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
data <span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">=</span></span> response<span style="color:#999999">.</span>json<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#708090"># Convert the response to JSON</span>
<span style="color:#708090"># Store the JSON data in a file</span>
<span style="color:#0077aa">with</span> <span style="color:#669900">open</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"horoscope_data.json"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">"w"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#0077aa">as</span> <span style="color:#669900">file</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>
json<span style="color:#999999">.</span>dump<span style="color:#999999">(</span>data<span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">file</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#0077aa">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"Data stored successfully!"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span></code></span>
在上面的代码中，您使用该库向Horscope APIrequests发出 GET 请求。然后，您可以使用该方法从响应中提取 JSON 数据。最后，使用该语句打开一个以写入模式命名的文件，并用于将数据存储在该文件中。.json()``horoscope_data.json``with``json.dump()
如果打开该horoscope_data.json文件，您将看到类似以下内容：
<span style="color:var(--gray85)"><code class="language-json"><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
<span style="color:#990055">"data"</span><span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">:</span></span> <span style="color:#999999">{</span>
<span style="color:#990055">"date"</span><span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">:</span></span> <span style="color:#669900">"Jun 3, 2023"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
<span style="color:#990055">"horoscope_data"</span><span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">:</span></span> <span style="color:#669900">"The forecast today is stormy. You may have sensed that there was some tension clouding the conversation at home. Resentments were left unsaid and subtle power games were played without resolution. Today, Capricorn, it all becomes too unbearable for you. Regardless of the risks involved, you will take measures to clear things up."</span>
<span style="color:#999999">}</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
<span style="color:#990055">"status"</span><span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">:</span></span> <span style="color:#990055">200</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
<span style="color:#990055">"success"</span><span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">:</span></span> <span style="color:#990055">true</span>
<span style="color:#999999">}</span></code></span>
如何从 JSON 文件检索数据
您经常需要从 JSON 文件读取数据。例如，您可能需要从 JSON 文件读取配置设置。Python 的 JSON 模块提供了该json.load()功能，允许您从文件中读取和反序列化 JSON 数据。
在本节中，您将学习如何使用该json.load()函数从文件中检索 JSON 数据并在 Python 程序中使用它。
功能json.load()_
该json.load()函数接受文件对象作为参数，并以 Python 对象的形式返回反序列化的 JSON 数据，例如字典、列表、字符串、数字、布尔值和空值。
要从文件中读取 JSON 数据，您需要以读取模式打开文件，使用该json.load()函数提取数据，并将其存储在变量中以供进一步处理。确保正在读取的文件包含有效的 JSON 数据非常重要，否则可能会引发异常。
让我们看看如何从先前创建的文件中检索数据horoscope_data.json：
<span style="color:var(--gray85)"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#0077aa">import</span> json
<span style="color:#708090"># Retrieve JSON data from the file</span>
<span style="color:#0077aa">with</span> <span style="color:#669900">open</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"horoscope_data.json"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">"r"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#0077aa">as</span> <span style="color:#669900">file</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>
data <span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">=</span></span> json<span style="color:#999999">.</span>load<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">file</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#708090"># Access and process the retrieved JSON data</span>
date <span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">=</span></span> data<span style="color:#999999">[</span><span style="color:#669900">"data"</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#999999">[</span><span style="color:#669900">"date"</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span>
horoscope_data <span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">=</span></span> data<span style="color:#999999">[</span><span style="color:#669900">"data"</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#999999">[</span><span style="color:#669900">"horoscope_data"</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span>
<span style="color:#708090"># Print the retrieved data</span>
<span style="color:#0077aa">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">f"Horoscope for date </span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>date<span style="color:#999999">}</span><span style="color:#669900">: </span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>horoscope_data<span style="color:#999999">}</span><span style="color:#669900">"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span></code></span>
在上面的代码中，您horoscope_data.json使用语句以读取模式打开文件with。然后，您使用该json.load()函数将文件中的 JSON 数据反序列化到数据变量中。最后，您访问 JSON 数据的特定字段（例如“date”和“horscope_data”）并根据需要处理它们。
如何格式化 JSON 输出
当您从 JSON 文件读取数据并打印它时，输出显示为单行，这可能与 JSON 的结构化格式不同。
<span style="color:var(--gray85)"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#0077aa">import</span> json
<span style="color:#708090"># Retrieve JSON data from the file</span>
<span style="color:#0077aa">with</span> <span style="color:#669900">open</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"horoscope_data.json"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">"r"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#0077aa">as</span> <span style="color:#669900">file</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>
data <span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">=</span></span> json<span style="color:#999999">.</span>load<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">file</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#0077aa">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>data<span style="color:#999999">)</span></code></span>
输出：
<span style="color:var(--gray85)"><code class="language-bash"><span style="color:#999999">{</span><span style="color:#669900">'data'</span><span style="color:#dd4a68">:</span> <span style="color:#999999">{</span><span style="color:#669900">'date'</span><span style="color:#dd4a68">:</span> <span style="color:#669900">'Jun 3, 2023'</span>, <span style="color:#669900">'horoscope_data'</span><span style="color:#dd4a68">:</span> <span style="color:#669900">'The forecast today is stormy. You may have sensed that there was some tension clouding the conversation at home. Resentments were left unsaid and subtle power games were played without resolution. Today, Capricorn, it all becomes too unbearable for you. Regardless of the risks involved, you will take measures to clear things up.'</span><span style="color:#999999">}</span>, <span style="color:#669900">'status'</span><span style="color:#dd4a68">:</span> <span style="color:#990055">200</span>, <span style="color:#669900">'success'</span><span style="color:#dd4a68">:</span> True<span style="color:#999999">}</span></code></span>
功能json.dumps()_
JSON 模块提供了json.dumps()将 Python 对象序列化为 JSON 格式字符串的功能。它提供了各种自定义选项，包括格式化输出以使其更易于阅读。
该json.dumps()函数提供了多个选项来自定义输出。最常用的是 ，indent它允许您指定用于缩进的空格数。
<span style="color:var(--gray85)"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#0077aa">import</span> json
<span style="color:#708090"># Retrieve JSON data from the file</span>
<span style="color:#0077aa">with</span> <span style="color:#669900">open</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"horoscope_data.json"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">"r"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#0077aa">as</span> <span style="color:#669900">file</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>
data <span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">=</span></span> json<span style="color:#999999">.</span>load<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">file</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#708090"># Format the data</span>
formatted_data <span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">=</span></span> json<span style="color:#999999">.</span>dumps<span style="color:#999999">(</span>data<span style="color:#999999">,</span> indent<span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">=</span></span><span style="color:#990055">2</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#0077aa">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>formatted_data<span style="color:#999999">)</span></code></span>
输出：
<span style="color:var(--gray85)"><code class="language-bash"><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
<span style="color:#669900">"data"</span><span style="color:#dd4a68">:</span> <span style="color:#999999">{</span>
<span style="color:#669900">"date"</span><span style="color:#dd4a68">:</span> <span style="color:#669900">"Jun 3, 2023"</span>,
<span style="color:#669900">"horoscope_data"</span><span style="color:#dd4a68">:</span> <span style="color:#669900">"The forecast today is stormy. You may have sensed that there was some tension clouding the conversation at home. Resentments were left unsaid and subtle power games were played without resolution. Today, Capricorn, it all becomes too unbearable for you. Regardless of the risks involved, you will take measures to clear things up."</span>
<span style="color:#999999">}</span>,
<span style="color:#669900">"status"</span><span style="color:#dd4a68">:</span> <span style="color:#990055">200</span>,
<span style="color:#669900">"success"</span><span style="color:#dd4a68">:</span> <span style="color:#990055">true</span>
<span style="color:#999999">}</span></code></span>
正如您所看到的，JSON 数据现在已采用适当的缩进进行格式化，从而增强了其可读性。此技术可应用于任何 JSON 数据，使您能够以更有条理且更具视觉吸引力的方式呈现 JSON 输出。
命令json.tool行工具
Python 的 JSON 模块提供了一个名为 的便捷命令行工具json.tool，允许您直接从命令行格式化和漂亮打印 JSON 数据。它是一个有用的实用程序，可以以更具可读性和组织性的格式快速可视化 JSON 数据的结构和内容。
要使用json.tool，您可以在命令行界面中执行以下命令：
<span style="color:var(--gray85)"><code class="language-bash">python <span style="color:#ee9900">-m</span> json.tool <span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a"><</span></span>input_file<span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">></span></span> <span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a"><</span></span>output_file<span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">></span></span></code></span>
在哪里：
python -m json.tool``json.tool使用 Python 解释器调用模块。<input_file>表示要格式化的 JSON 文件的路径。<output_file>是一个可选参数，指定要将格式化 JSON 输出保存到的文件。如果未提供，格式化的输出将显示在控制台上。
假设您有一个horoscope_data.json包含以下内容的文件：
<span style="color:var(--gray85)"><code class="language-json"><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
<span style="color:#990055">"data"</span><span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">:</span></span> <span style="color:#999999">{</span>
<span style="color:#990055">"date"</span><span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">:</span></span> <span style="color:#669900">"Jun 3, 2023"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
<span style="color:#990055">"horoscope_data"</span><span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">:</span></span> <span style="color:#669900">"The forecast today is stormy. You may have sensed that there was some tension clouding the conversation at home. Resentments were left unsaid and subtle power games were played without resolution. Today, Capricorn, it all becomes too unbearable for you. Regardless of the risks involved, you will take measures to clear things up."</span>
<span style="color:#999999">}</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
<span style="color:#990055">"status"</span><span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">:</span></span> <span style="color:#990055">200</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
<span style="color:#990055">"success"</span><span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">:</span></span> <span style="color:#990055">true</span>
<span style="color:#999999">}</span></code></span>
请注意，上面的 JSON 文件有两个空格的缩进。
要使用 漂亮地打印此 JSON 文件json.tool，您可以执行以下命令：
<span style="color:var(--gray85)"><code class="language-bash">python <span style="color:#ee9900">-m</span> json.tool horoscope_data.json</code></span>
输出将是：
<span style="color:var(--gray85)"><code class="language-json"><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
<span style="color:#990055">"data"</span><span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">:</span></span> <span style="color:#999999">{</span>
<span style="color:#990055">"date"</span><span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">:</span></span> <span style="color:#669900">"Jun 3, 2023"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
<span style="color:#990055">"horoscope_data"</span><span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">:</span></span> <span style="color:#669900">"The forecast today is stormy. You may have sensed that there was some tension clouding the conversation at home. Resentments were left unsaid and subtle power games were played without resolution. Today, Capricorn, it all becomes too unbearable for you. Regardless of the risks involved, you will take measures to clear things up."</span>
<span style="color:#999999">}</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
<span style="color:#990055">"status"</span><span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">:</span></span> <span style="color:#990055">200</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
<span style="color:#990055">"success"</span><span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">:</span></span> <span style="color:#990055">true</span>
<span style="color:#999999">}</span></code></span>
正如您在示例中看到的，json.tool使用输入文件路径执行模块会格式化 JSON 数据并在控制台上显示格式化的输出。
您还可以通过将输出文件名指定为第二个参数来将格式化输出重定向到输出文件：
<span style="color:var(--gray85)"><code class="language-bash">python <span style="color:#ee9900">-m</span> json.tool horoscope_data.json formatted_data.json</code></span>
此命令格式化 JSON 数据horoscope_data.json并将格式化的输出保存到formatted_data.json.
JSON 编码自定义对象
Python 中的 JSON 模块允许您使用 JSON 编码器和解码器类对自定义对象进行编码和解码。您可以使用这些类为对象定义自定义序列化和反序列化逻辑。
JSONEncoder类允许您自定义编码过程。要定义如何将自定义对象编码为 JSON 格式，您可以扩展JSONEncoder并更改其default方法。
以下是如何扩展JSONEncoder类并自定义自定义对象的编码过程的示例：
<span style="color:var(--gray85)"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#0077aa">import</span> json
<span style="color:#0077aa">class</span> <span style="color:#dd4a68">Person</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>
<span style="color:#0077aa">def</span> <span style="color:#dd4a68">__init__</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>self<span style="color:#999999">,</span> name<span style="color:#999999">,</span> age<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>
self<span style="color:#999999">.</span>name <span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">=</span></span> name
self<span style="color:#999999">.</span>age <span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">=</span></span> age
<span style="color:#0077aa">class</span> <span style="color:#dd4a68">PersonEncoder</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>json<span style="color:#999999">.</span>JSONEncoder<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>
<span style="color:#0077aa">def</span> <span style="color:#dd4a68">default</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>self<span style="color:#999999">,</span> obj<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>
<span style="color:#0077aa">if</span> <span style="color:#669900">isinstance</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>obj<span style="color:#999999">,</span> Person<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>
<span style="color:#0077aa">return</span> <span style="color:#999999">{</span><span style="color:#669900">"name"</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span> obj<span style="color:#999999">.</span>name<span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">"age"</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span> obj<span style="color:#999999">.</span>age<span style="color:#999999">}</span>
<span style="color:#0077aa">return</span> <span style="color:#669900">super</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">.</span>default<span style="color:#999999">(</span>obj<span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#708090"># Create a custom object</span>
person <span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">=</span></span> Person<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"Ashutosh Krishna"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#990055">23</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#708090"># Encode the custom object using the custom encoder</span>
json_str <span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">=</span></span> json<span style="color:#999999">.</span>dumps<span style="color:#999999">(</span>person<span style="color:#999999">,</span> cls<span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">=</span></span>PersonEncoder<span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#708090"># Print the encoded JSON string</span>
<span style="color:#0077aa">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>json_str<span style="color:#999999">)</span></code></span>
Person在此示例中，您定义了一个带有name和属性的自定义类age。JSONEncoder然后，您创建被调用的子类PersonEncoder并重写其default方法。在该default方法中，您检查正在编码的对象是否是 的实例Person。name如果是，您可以通过返回包含和属性的字典来提供对象的 JSON 可序列化表示age。如果对象的类型不是Person，则调用default超类的方法来处理其他类型。
通过使用json.dumps并将参数指定cls为自定义编码器类PersonEncoder，您可以将person对象编码为 JSON 字符串。输出将是：
<span style="color:var(--gray85)"><code class="language-bash"><span style="color:#999999">{</span><span style="color:#669900">"name"</span><span style="color:#dd4a68">:</span> <span style="color:#669900">"Ashutosh Krishna"</span>, <span style="color:#669900">"age"</span><span style="color:#dd4a68">:</span> <span style="color:#990055">23</span><span style="color:#999999">}</span></code></span>
同样，您可以在 JSON 解码器类 中指定自定义解码逻辑JSONDecoder。要定义如何将 JSON 数据解码为自定义对象，请扩展JSONDecoder并重写其object_hook函数。
如何从 Python 字典创建 JSON
您可以使用JSON 模块提供的函数从Python 字典json.dumps()创建 JSON 。该函数接受一个 Python 对象（通常是字典），并将其转换为 JSON 字符串表示形式。
<span style="color:var(--gray85)"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#0077aa">import</span> json
<span style="color:#708090"># Python dictionary</span>
data <span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">=</span></span> <span style="color:#999999">{</span>
<span style="color:#669900">"name"</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span> <span style="color:#669900">"Ashutosh Krishna"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
<span style="color:#669900">"age"</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span> <span style="color:#990055">23</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
<span style="color:#669900">"email"</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span> <span style="color:#669900">"ashutosh@example.com"</span>
<span style="color:#999999">}</span>
<span style="color:#708090"># Convert dictionary to JSON string</span>
json_str <span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">=</span></span> json<span style="color:#999999">.</span>dumps<span style="color:#999999">(</span>data<span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#708090"># Print the JSON string</span>
<span style="color:#0077aa">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>json_str<span style="color:#999999">)</span></code></span>
在此示例中，您有一个data代表一些数据的 Python 字典。通过调用json.dumps(data)，您可以将字典转换为 JSON 字符串。输出将是：
<span style="color:var(--gray85)"><code class="language-bash"><span style="color:#999999">{</span><span style="color:#669900">"name"</span><span style="color:#dd4a68">:</span> <span style="color:#669900">"Ashutosh Krishna"</span>, <span style="color:#669900">"age"</span><span style="color:#dd4a68">:</span> <span style="color:#990055">23</span>, <span style="color:#669900">"email"</span><span style="color:#dd4a68">:</span> <span style="color:#669900">"ashutosh@example.com"</span><span style="color:#999999">}</span></code></span>
如何从 JSON 创建 Python 字典
要从 JSON 数据创建 Python 字典，可以使用json.loads()JSON 模块提供的函数。该函数接受一个 JSON 字符串并将其转换为相应的 Python 对象，通常是字典。
<span style="color:var(--gray85)"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#0077aa">import</span> json
<span style="color:#708090"># JSON string</span>
json_str <span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">=</span></span> <span style="color:#669900">'{"name": "Ashutosh Krishna", "age": 23, "email": "ashutosh@example.com"}'</span>
<span style="color:#708090"># Convert JSON string to Python dictionary</span>
data <span style="background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)"><span style="color:#9a6e3a">=</span></span> json<span style="color:#999999">.</span>loads<span style="color:#999999">(</span>json_str<span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#708090"># Access the dictionary values</span>
<span style="color:#0077aa">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>data<span style="color:#999999">[</span><span style="color:#669900">"name"</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#0077aa">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>data<span style="color:#999999">[</span><span style="color:#669900">"age"</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#0077aa">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>data<span style="color:#999999">[</span><span style="color:#669900">"email"</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span></code></span>
json_str在此示例中，您有一个表示一些数据的JSON 字符串。通过调用json.loads(json_str)，您可以将 JSON 字符串转换为 Python 字典。然后，您可以使用各自的键访问字典中的值。
输出将是：
<span style="color:var(--gray85)"><code class="language-bash">Ashutosh Krishna
<span style="color:#990055">23</span>
ashutosh@example.com</code></span>
包起来
了解 Python JSON 模块对于处理 JSON 数据是必要的，因为它广泛用于各种应用程序中的数据交换和存储。
如果您学习如何使用 JSON 模块，您可以有效地处理 JSON 数据、与 API 交互以及处理配置文件。
© 版权声明
文章版权归作者所有，未经允许请勿转载，侵权请联系 admin@trc20.tw 删除。
THE END
